[Megha]

The tables illustrate the world population across three time periods starting from 1950 till 2050 and across six regions namely Africa,Asia,Europe,Latin America,North America and Oceania.

Overall, it can be seen that there has been an increasing trend in world population throughout the time period and is expected to continue the same pattern by 2050.Also it has to be noted that Oceania is the region where the distribution of population is the least during these years.

Africa is the only region which demonstrates a rise in population from 9% and estimated to rise till 22 % by 2050.However in regions like Asia,Europe and North America the proportion of population in 1950 and 2000 were higher,but is estimated to reduce by 2050.

On
the other hand,areas such as Latin America and Oceania have an interesting
feature.The proportion of the population in these areas is approximately
computed to remain the same in 2000 and by the end of the next 50 years.

[Megha]

While some people argue that it is the sole responsibility of the producers to decrease the product packaging,others feel that customers should also be incharge of dealing with reducing purchase of goods with excess packaging.This essay will analyse both sides of the argument.

On one hand,companies can play an inevitable role to limit the amount of packaging that they package their products in. One reason for this is because they are at the forefront of the production process.To reduce the production of packaging, companies can make its products into bigger packs. As a result, company is able to reduce cost of production production cost and earn more profit by marketing larger products. Being product distributors, supermarkets are also overusing plastic bags. However, this can be reduced by applying the rules set by the government, which is implementing a fee for plastic bag and using eco -friendly substitutes.

On the other hand,individual customers cannot escape from the responsibility.The consumers are those entities who demand products and the manufacturers are always interested to tune the size,shape,colour,packaging of the products based on the whims and fancies of the customers.Thus being a responsible citizen and keeping in mind the concept of environmental protection,individuals can start demanding these changes in the market.

In conclusion, companies and individuals both need to take responsibility for the amount of packaging that is used to package goods.The government also needs to play a significant role in this issue by policy making and enforcement of those laws into practice.

[Megha]

The line graph illustrates the amount of commodities transferred in the United Kingdom from 1974 to 2002 by roadways,waterways,railways and pipelines in million tonnes.In general,roadways served as the most commonly used mode of transport throughout the time period,while the least being pipelines.

In 1974 ,approximately 70 million tonnes of goods were transported via roadways,it increased to almost 80 milllion by 1990’s.However by the end of the time period,it had a substantial rise touching nearly 95 million.However,this was not the case of using pipelines as a mode of transport.Starting at approximately 5 million tonnes by the start of the time period,it had sharp rise to almost 25 million by 1990’s and dipping to 20 million by 1994 and showing a stagnant growth till 2002.

In 1974 ,starting at almost 40 million tonnes of goods transported via waterways and railways, waterways became more popular by 1978 and had a more gain of almost 24 million tonnes surpassing railways in 1990.By the end of the time period,almost 70 million tonnes of goods were transported via waterways and nearly 40 million tonnes of goods found its path through railways.